Product components of the Electric Motorcycle

The Electric Motorcycle consists of an electric drive and control system, a mechanical system such as a drive train, and a working device to carry out a given task. The electric drive and control system is the core of the Electric Motorcycle and is the main difference from vehicles powered by internal combustion engines. Let's take a closer look at the components of the Electric Motorcycle.

Here is the content list:

Power supply

Drive motor

Motor speed control devices

Driving and braking devices

Power supply

The power supply provides the electric energy for the Electric Motorcycle's drive motor, which converts it into mechanical energy and drives the wheels and work units via transmission or directly. Today, the most widely used power source for Electric Motorcycles is the lead-acid battery, but with the development of Electric Motorcycle technology, the lead-acid battery is gradually being replaced by other batteries due to its lower specific energy, slower charging speed, and shorter life span. The application of new power sources is being developed, opening up broad prospects for the development of electric vehicles.

Drive motor

The function of the drive motor is to convert the electrical energy from the power supply into mechanical energy and drive the wheels and working devices either through the transmission or directly. Today's Electric Motorcycle uses a wide range of DC series-excited motors, which have "soft" mechanical characteristics and are very compatible with the driving characteristics of the vehicle. However, due to the presence of a commutation spark, the specific power of DC motors is small, the efficiency is low and the maintenance workload is high. With the development of motor technology and motor control technology, they are bound to be gradually replaced by brushless DC motors (BCDM), switched reluctance motors (SRM), and AC asynchronous motors.

Motor speed control devices

The motor speed control is set up for the variable speed and direction change of the Electric Motorcycle. The function is to control the motor voltage or current and to control the driving torque and direction of rotation of the motor. Previously, the speed control of DC motors on Electric Motorcycles was achieved by connecting a resistor in series or by changing the number of turns of the motor's magnetic field coil. This is rarely used today because of the stepped nature of speed regulation and the additional energy consumption or complexity of the motor structure. Today's Electric Motorcycle is widely used with thyristor chopper speed control, which controls the motor current by uniformly changing the motor terminal voltage to achieve stepless motor speed control. In the continuous development of electronic power technology, it is also gradually replaced by another power transistor (into GTO, MOSFET, BTR, IGBT, etc.) chopper speed control devices. With the development of technology, along with the application of new drive motors, the speed control of electric vehicles is transformed into the application of DC inverter technology, which will become an inevitable trend.

In the spin-transformation control of drive motors, DC motors rely on contactors to change the direction of the current in the armature or magnetic field to achieve the spin-transformation of the motor, which makes the hole ha circuit complex and less reliable. When an AC asynchronous motor is used to drive the motor, the change of motor rotation only requires changing the phase sequence of the three-phase current of the magnetic field, which can simplify the control circuit. In addition, the use of AC motors and their variable frequency speed control technology makes it easier to control the braking energy recovery of the Electric Motorcycle and makes the control circuit simpler.

Driving and braking devices

The function of the driving unit is to turn the driving torque of the electric motor into a force on the ground through the wheels, driving the wheels to travel. The braking device of an Electric Motorcycle is the same as that of any other vehicle, consisting of wheels, tires, suspension, etc. The braking device of an Electric Motorcycle is set up for slowing down or stopping the vehicle and usually consists of a brake and its operating device. On Electric Motorcycles, there is usually an electromagnetic brake, which uses the control circuit of the drive motor to generate electricity for the motor to operate, so that the energy used for deceleration and braking can be converted into the current for charging the battery and thus be reused.

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